The project studies the determinants and effectiveness of sub-national development aid using two new databases. This GODAD provides access to a broad range of geocoded ODA Assistance and other development finance data. It includes 18 European donors (1973-2020), the United States (1973-2020), the World Bank (1995-2023), India (2007-2014), and China (2000-2021). The Political Leaders’ Affiliations Database (PLAD) provides geolocated information on leaders’ backgrounds across 177 countries (1989–2020).